Iğdır During the National Struggle

The Russian Revolutions that took place during the First World War had a direct impact on the fate of the Caucasus Front. As a result of the 1917 Russian Revolutions, Russia withdrew from the region with the armistices, and then Georgians and Armenians began to take their place. Igdir was captured by the Turkish army on May 20, 1918, within the framework of the forwardoperation that started in February 1918, especially in order to put an end to the persecution of the Armenians against the Muslims in the region. Thus, approximately 180 years later, the Ottoman domination was established in the region. However, this situation lasted for a very short time, and at the end of the First World War, the Turkish army had to evacuate the region. In order to protect the Turkish-Muslim presence in the region, the Aras-Turkish Government was established on October 29, 1918 and had tried to act jointly with the Kars Islamic Council established in Kars. However, at the end of December 1918, the Aras-Turkish Government was overthrown by the Armenians who attacked the region. Igdir and its environs were within the borders of the National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus, which was established in January 1919. However, after this government was overthrown by the British in April 1919, the Turkish-Muslim people of the region had a hard time, especially against the Armenians. Igdir, as a part of the National Pact declared in the Ottoman Parliament in January 1920, was given to Türkiye with the Gyumri Treaty signed at the end of the Armenian Operation. Türkiye’s dominance in Igdir was also confirmed by the Moscow and Kars Treaties. Affiliated to the Bayezid Sanjak with the status of a district, Igdir was tried to be adapted to the administrative and economic order of Türkiye with the laws enacted in the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye.

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