Hakkâri During the National Struggle

Hakkâri, which remained as a district within the Van Province until the first half of the 19th century, was generally considered as a “government” status attached to this province. it was briefly made a provincial center in 1876, and attached to the Van Province as a district center in 1881 Başkale district was the center of Hakkâri Province in 1914. Other districts are Çölemerik ( Hakkâri), Mahmudi (Özalp), Şemdinân (Şemdinli), Gevar (Yüksekova) and Hoşâb (Güzelsu). The Russian occupation during the First World War and the ethnic policies they pursued in this region, the postwar Iran, Iraq and Mosul policies of the British, Nestorian uprisings against the Republican administration; caused weaknesses in human, commercial and production aspects of Hakkâri and its surroundings. Due to the geographical and economic situation of the region, administrators could not be appointed to Hakkâri for a long time, and those appointed could not be kept in office. Important changes have also been observed in the ethnic structure of Hakkâri due to the political and military developments that occurred within a ten-year period (1914-1924). This study aims to evaluate the events that took place in Hakkâri, especially during the years of the War of Independence, within the framework of archival documents and studies on the subject as a whole.

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