Ankara's Military Successes and Diplomacy

The advance of the occupation forces into the interior of Anatolia was met with the resistance of the Kuva-yı Milliye, and the Allied Powers turned a blind eye to the advance of the Greeks to make the Turks accept the provisions of the Treaty of Sevres. In this section, the military and diplomatic struggle of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye, which was opened in Ankara on April 23, 1920, with the Entente States occupying Anatolia, especially Greece, is discussed. The first constitutional text of the Turkish Grand National Assembly, the 1921 Law on Organization and Principles was examined. The diplomatic aspect of the National Struggle explained. The London Conference, the Treaty of Moscow, and the Ankara Treaty were mentioned and the role of Ankara in the İnönü Wars, the Kütahya-Eskişehir Wars, and the Sakarya War was mentioned. The financial resources of the National Struggle centered in Ankara, its relations with the Istanbul government, the abolition of the Sultanate, the Lausanne Peace Treaty, the liberation of Istanbul, the making of Ankara the capital, and the proclamation of the republic are discussed. After the Great Offensive and victory, Ankara's diplomatic struggle and the process leading to the Lausanne Peace Treaty were covered. In the same period, the chapter concludes with the transition between the Government of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye and the administration in Istanbul, the liberation of Istanbul from occupation, the cornerstones of the Republic of Türkiye, and the birth of Ankara as a capital city. The main theme of the chapter was the transformation of Ankara, the center of the National Struggle, into a capital city.

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