Administrative, Economıc and Social Structure of Ankara

As one of the oldest settlements in Anatolia, Ankara is home to many civilizations has hosted. Due to its location, it is on military and commercial routes. The city came under Ottoman rule in 1363. Agriculture in Ankara, livestock breeding, and trade developed, especially sof fabric made from the hair of mohair goats has gained great fame. In the eighteenth century, the majority of Ankara's population was Muslim and is known to have been around 30-40 thousand. In the 19th century, the city's population increased and decreased. According to the statistics of 1914, when the First World War began, the population of Ankara was approaching one million. Although the great fire in Ankara during the war caused a significant drop in the population, the British Foreign Office records for 1919 recorded the population of Ankara Province as 903 thousand. Ankara, which was a center of agriculture and animal husbandry rather than an industrial city, had two small-scale textile factories that contributed to the war economy by repairing and manufacturing during the National Struggle. With its experience and know-how in the industrial sector, the production mechanisms of the small arms factory were established in Ankara in 1920, together with the center for making war tools (imalat-ı harbiyye), which was used effectively for the needs of the army during the National Struggle. Also during this period Directorate of Military Factories to manage the factories in Anatolia from a single source was founded here. Population, education, health, transportation, and military activities in the city, Ankara Governors of the National Struggle period are included in this section.

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