Economic Growth and Smart Farming: Examples from Türkiye and the World

Agriculture is of critical importance for all countries. Developments such as the increasing world population, rapid consumption of resources, climate change, political tensions between countries and epidemics have begun to seriously affect the food sector. These issues have led to the foreground of agriculture, which lagged behind by industry and service sectors. Technological activities affect many developments in the world, as well as agricultural developments. Especially with Industry 4.0, technological developments in the agricultural sector have started to be experienced visibly. In order to obtain higher yield and diversity from small areas, countries have begun to integrate technology into the agricultural field at a high rate. The IoT has far-reaching implications for analysis, data collection, forecasting and increased efficiency and productivity. This article discusses the effects and importance of smart agriculture with examples. In addition, due to the fact that Türkiye became a party to the Paris Agreement on November 10, 2021 and the EU Green Deal principles, the use of agricultural technologies for the traceable agricultural production process and the correct use of chemical products such as pesticides came to the fore. Along with the examples given around the world, it has been demonstrated that higher productivity and profit can be achieved in relatively small agricultural areas with smart farming methods. In addition, it is stated that the tests of solutions such as soilless farming methods, spraying with unmanned aerial vehicles and some examples of smart agriculture have started to be implemented in Türkiye. As a result, it is emphasized that despite various difficult issues, significant profits and productivity are achieved through smart farming practices. Along with the contributions of these applications, there is an increase in GDP of the countries. The aim of this study is to explain the technologies and applications in this field with examples after mentioning the effect of technological developments in agriculture on economic growth.